Life Cycle Cost Analysis for Scotland Short-Sea Ferries

The pathway to zero carbon emissions passing through reduction is mandatory in the shipping industry. Regarding various methodologies and technologies reviewed for this purpose, Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) has been used as an excellent tool determine economic feasibility sustainability present directions. However, insufficient commercial applications cause a conflict of opinion on which fuel key decarbonisation. Many LCCA comparison studies about eco-friendly ship propulsion claim different results. In order overcome discover factors that affect overall comparative analysis results maritime field, it necessary conduct considering more diverse case ships, routes, types combine each system. This study aims analyse greener fuels are most economically beneficial sector prove influencing LCCA. was conducted hydrogen, ammonia, electric energy, carbon-free among alternative currently limelight. As power source, PEMFC battery were main solar PV system installed auxiliary source compare feasibility. Several cost data selected from feasible studies. difficulty caused by storage transportation hydrogen ammonia should not be underestimated, study, considers only CapEx OpEx but also transport costs. result, cell systems with proved financial effectiveness short-distance ferries they inexpensive than ammonia-fuelled PEMFCs batteries. takes around half total life-cycle during life span.